the broomrape (orobanche aegyptiaca) integrated suppression in tomato by nitrogen fertilization and glyphosate

the interaction between nitrogen levels: 100, 150 and 175 kg ha-1, as ammonium sulfate (ams) and glyphosate: 1) 61.5 gr a.i. ha-1 sprayed in three parts, 30, 40 and 50 dap, 2) 61.5 gr a.i. ha-1 sprayed in two parts, 30 and 50 dap, 3) 86 gr a.i. ha-1 sprayed in three parts as level one, 4) 86 gr a.i. ha-1 sprayed in two parts as level two on broomrape shoot density and dry mater and tomato yields was studied in a factorial design. broomrape inhibition increased with increasing amount of ams. glyphosate as a synergistic factor improved the effect of ams on broomrape suppression. three time split dose of glyphosate was more successful in broomrape control than two time split dose because of parasite longer exhibition to herbicide. response of tomato to n fertilization was positive up to 150 kg ha -1 of n and more than that, despite the severe repression of broomrape, the tomato yield decreased. glyphosate treatments caused no lasting toxicity in tomato were indirect effect of glyphosate on tomato was induced by broomrape suppression. finally 150 kg ha -1 of n as ams (21%) together with application of 86 gr a.i. ha -1 of glyphosate, splitted three times, could be recommended as the preferred treatment of this study for broomrape control in tomato.